Pay attention, old salts!
There are two replicas of HMAV BOUNTY!
The first replica was built in 1960-62, in Canada, to MGM film studios for the movie Mutiny on the Bounty with Marlon Brando and Trevor Howard in 1962. The second was built in 1977-78, in New Zeland, to Dino De Laurentis, that produced the modern version in the same movie with Anthony Hopkins and Mel Gibson, in 1984. Unfortunately the first replica of the Bounty sank in 2012, but the second continues his career as a ship tourism in Hong Kong.
sábado, maio 31, 2014
HMAV BOUNTY replica 1978
Bounty (1978 ship)
 | |
| Career |  |
|---|---|
| Owner: | HKR International [1] |
| Operator: | Hong Kong Resort Company [1] |
| Builder: | Oceania Marine (Whangarei, New Zealand) [2] |
| Laid down: | 1977 |
| Launched: | 1978 |
| Homeport: | Discovery Bay (Lantau Island), New Territories, Hong Kong, China [1] |
| Identification: | IMO number: 1001049[2] MMSI number: 477991091[2] |
| General characteristics | |
| Class & type: | HMS Bounty |
| Tonnage: | 274 [2] |
| Displacement: | 387 tonnes |
| Length: | 42 m (138 ft) (LOA) 30 m (98 ft) (on deck) |
| Beam: | 7 m (23 ft) |
| Height: | 33 m (108 ft) |
| Decks: | 3 |
| Sail plan: | Sail area 900 m2 (9,700 sq ft) |
Bounty (popularly HMAV Bounty) was built in 1977/78 for the movie The Bounty starring Mel Gibson and Anthony Hopkins. She is now a tourist destination in Hong Kong, China.
Contents
[hide]History[edit]
The hull is constructed of welded steel oversheathed with timber. For many years she served the tourist excursion market fromDarling Harbour, Sydney, Australia, before being sold to HKR International Limited in October 2007.
She is now a tourist attraction (also used for charter, excursions and sail training) based in Discovery Bay, on Lantau Island inHong Kong, and has an additional Chinese name 濟民號[3] (Cantonese Jyutping: Zaimanhou ; Mandarin Pinyin: Jiminhao ; English: Bounty).
Notes[edit]
- ^ The ship is not entitled to the use of the prefix 'HMAV' as it has never been commissioned into the Royal Navy. Here 'HMAV' is treated as part of the popular name, and not as a ship prefix.
HMAV BOUNTY replica 1962-2012
Bounty (1960-62 ship)
| |
| Career |  |
|---|---|
| Owner: | HMS Bounty Organization LLC |
| Builder: | Smith and Rhuland Ltd Lunenburg, Nova Scotia |
| Launched: | 1960 |
| Homeport: | Greenport, Suffolk County, New York,United States |
| Identification: | Call sign: WDD9114 IMO number: 960956 MMSI number: 369191000 USCGMIX: 345399 |
| Fate: | Sunk off the coast of North Carolinaduring Hurricane Sandy on 29 October 2012[1] |
| General characteristics | |
| Tonnage: | 409 GT 181 NT |
| Length: | 180 ft (54.9 m) sparred 120 ft (37 m) on deck |
| Beam: | 31.6 ft (9.6 m) |
| Height: | 111 ft (33.8 m) |
| Draft: | 13 ft (4.0 m) |
| Depth: | 21.3 ft (6.5 m) |
| Installed power: | 2 × John Deere 375 hp (280 kW) diesel engines |
| Sail plan: | Full-rigged ship Sail area; 10,000 sq ft (929 m2) |
| Crew: | 12–14 |
Bounty (popularly HMS Bounty[FN 1]) was an enlarged reconstruction of the original 1787 Royal Navy sailing shipHMS Bounty. Built in Lunenburg, Nova Scotia (CANADA) in 1960, she sank off the coast of North Carolina during Hurricane Sandy on 29 October 2012.
Contents
[hide]History[edit]
MGM[edit]
Bounty was commissioned by the Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer film studio for the 1962 film Mutiny on the Bounty. She was the first large vessel built from scratch for a film using historical sources. Previous film vessels were fanciful conversions of existing vessels. Bounty was built to the original ship's drawings from files in the British Admiralty archives, and in the traditional manner by more than 200 workers over an 8 month period at the Smith and Rhuland shipyard in Lunenburg, Nova Scotia.[2]To assist film-making and carry production staff, her waterline length was increased from the original 86 to 120 feet (26.2 to 36.6 m) and the beam was also increased.[FN 2] Rigging was scaled up to match. While built for film use, she was fully equipped for sailing because of the requirement to move her a great distance to the filming location.[2] Her construction helped inspire other large sailing replicas such as Bluenose II and HMS Rose.[3]
Bounty was launched on August 27, 1960. Crewed by Lunenburg fishermen and film staff, the vessel sailed via the Panama Canal to Tahiti for filming. Bounty was scheduled to be burned at the end of the film, but actor Marlon Brando protested, so MGM kept the vessel.[4] After filming and a worldwide promotional tour, the ship was berthed in St. Petersburg, Florida as a permanent tourist attraction, where she stayed until the mid-1980s. In 1986 Ted Turner acquired the MGM film library andBounty with it. The ship was used for promotion and entertainment, and was used during the filming of Treasure Island withCharlton Heston in 1989.
In 1993, Turner donated the ship to the Fall River Chamber Foundation, which established the Tall Ship Bounty Foundation to operate the ship as an educational venture. In February 2001, Bounty was purchased from the Foundation by the HMS Bounty Organization LLC.[5]
Restoration[edit]
At one point in her life,[when?] lack of maintenance caused the vessel to temporarily lose her United States Coast Guardlicense,[citation needed] but Bounty was restored. The vessel's bottom planking was restored at the Boothbay Harbor Shipyard in 2002. Moored in her winter home in St. Petersburg, Florida, she again became available for charter, excursions, sail-training, and movies including Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest and Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End, as well as The SpongeBob SquarePants Movie[6] In April 2006, Bounty again arrived in Boothbay Harbor for further renovation including refurbishing the ship's bow and topside decking. Following this renovation, Bounty was scheduled to repeat the famous voyage of the original Bounty.[7]
Post-restoration, thieves, and sale attempt[edit]
On 9 August 2007, Bounty stopped at Londonderry, Northern Ireland. The ship had just completed a US $3 million restoration and was making a seven-week UK tour prior to embarking on a world tour via South Africa and New Zealand to Pitcairn and Tahiti. The UK tour began with her arrival at the birthplace of mutiny leader Fletcher Christian in Maryport, Cumbria, at midday on Tuesday, 14 August 2007. The ship was about three days ahead of schedule which is why she sought out Londonderry for a 'quiet' stopover before completing the journey to Maryport.[8] On 23 August 2007 the ship docked in Torquay, Devon, for several days.
On Saturday 12 September 2009, the ship was berthed at Custom House Quay in Greenock, Inverclyde, Scotland, as part of a tour of several UK ports. At about 04:10 BSTthieves targeted the ship and stole a small sum of cash, several items of clothing with Bounty's insignia, a survival suit, a book, a life ring and an American flag. The items were later recovered nearby.[9]
Bounty's owners had tried, unsuccessfully, to sell the vessel since 2010.[10] The ship was for sale as of 2012 for US$4.6 million.[10] In winter of 2012, the ship was stationed in San Juan, Puerto Rico. She took part in OpSail 2012 and, in July 2012, was in Halifax, Nova Scotia. On 3 September, Bounty sailed off the dock from Gloucester, Massachusetts to Eastport, Maine. After a stop at Maine Maritime Academy in Castine, she pulled into Boothbay Harbor for dry dock and maintenance. She was launched from the Boothbay Harbor Shipyard on 17 October 2012. Bounty left Boothbay bound for New York early 21 October 2012.[11][12]
Loss[edit]
On October 25, 2012, the vessel left New London, Connecticut, heading for St. Petersburg, Florida, initially going on an easterly course to avoid Hurricane Sandy.[13] On 29 October 2012 at 03:54 EDT, the ship's owner called the United States Coast Guard for help during the hurricane after she lost contact with the ship's master. He was an amateur radio operator and used Winlink onshortwave to send an e-mail to the Coast Guard, because common communication methods like satellite phone or Maritime Mobile Nethad failed.[14][15] The ship's master had reported she was taking on water off the coast of North Carolina, about 160 miles (260 km) from the storm, and the crew were preparing to abandon ship. There were sixteen people aboard.[16][17] Vice Admiral Parker, USCG,[18] reported the ship had sunk and fourteen people had been rescued from liferafts by two rescue helicopters. The storm had washed the captain and two crew overboard—one of the latter had made it to a liferaft, but the other two were missing. They wore orange survival suits complete with strobe lights, thereby giving rescuers some hope of finding them alive. Claudene Christian, one of the two missing crew members and who claimed to be a descendant of HMS Bounty mutineer Fletcher Christian,[19] was found by the Coast Guard. She was unresponsive, and rushed to a hospital where she was pronounced dead.[1][20][21][22]
The other missing crew member was long-time captain Robin Walbridge.[23] Raised in Montpelier, Vermont, Walbridge later moved to St. Petersburg, Florida. He was a field mechanic on houseboats who worked his way up to obtaining a 1600 ton license in 1995, when he began working as a Bounty crew member.[24] Search efforts for Walbridge continued over an area of 12,000 square nautical miles until they were suspended on 1 November 2012.[25]
Bounty's last reported position was 33º 64' N 73º 60' W
A formal investigation into the sinking was ordered by USCG Rear Admiral Steven Ratti on 2 November 2012.[27]
The inquiry was held in Portsmouth, Virginia from February 12 to 21, 2013,[28] and Captain Walbridge was blamed for the "reckless decision" to sail the ship into the path of Hurricane Sandy.[29]
The complete report (16 pages) can be read at: http://www.ntsb.gov/doclib/reports/2014/MAB1403.pdf
Gallery[edit]
sexta-feira, maio 30, 2014
The men against the Sea (Tofua - Timor) Capt. Bligh
The men against the Sea (Tofua - Timor) Capt. Bligh
Beginning
The true
story of Capt. Bligh
Captain William Bligh
The courtyard of a building on the banks of the Thames is a splendid example of an English garden. There is a tombstone in the centre of the garden. The inscription on the stone reads:
SACRED
TO THE MEMORY OF
WILLIAM BLIGH ESQUIRE FRS
VICE ADMIRAL OF THE BLUE
THE CELEBRATED NAVIGATOR
WHO FIRST TRANSPLANTED THE BREADFRUIT TREE
FROM OTAHETTE TO THE WEST INDIES
BRAVELY FOUGHT THE BATTLES OF HIS COUNTRY
AND DIED BELOVED RESPECTED AND LAMENTED
ON THE 7th DAY OF DECEMBER 1817
AGED 64
FRS = Fellow of Royal Society
Before the Bounty
William Bligh was born in Plymouth, England in 1754. Bligh sailed with Captain Cook on Cook's final voyage in 1776 - 1779 and was present at Cook's death after Cook unwisely provoked an armed conflict with natives in Hawaii. Bligh was only 23 at the time but he was a highly skilled chart maker and navigator. Bligh developed many charts during this voyage which were unfairly attributed to Cook's Lieutenants.
Bligh observed Cook's methods for preserving the lives of his crew. Cook's innovations included daily enforced dancing, regular baths, clean clothing, eating sauerkraut and drinking lime juice to prevent scurvy. British sailors are sometimes called 'limeys' as the result of the practices that Captain Cook developed.
in 1781 Bligh was promoted to Lieutenant after the naval action at Dogger Bank. He took part in the relief of Gibraltar in 1782. During a period of peace from 1773 - 1787 he joined the Merchant Service.
Mutiny on the Bounty
At the age of 33 Bligh was selected to command the HMS Bounty on an expedition to take breadfruit from Tahiti and deliver it to the West Indies (Jamaica). Bligh was not promoted to Captain before the journey. As a result, the ship had no high officers, other than Bligh, and no marines to enforce discipline, but only a few subaltern officers. These handicaps, combined with Bligh's unfortunate temperament (acid tongue to insult) and lack of physical stature are factors which eventually allowed the mutiny to develop.
The voyage of the Bounty began at Spithead (near Portsmouth) on the south-east coast of England on 23 December, 1787. More than 10,000 miles were added to the planned voyage when Bligh failed to navigate the Bounty around Cape Horn because of unfavorable winds and huge seas. Bligh then turned east and arrived at Cape Town on 24 May where he spent several weeks refitting and provisioning the Bounty before entering the Indian Ocean.
On 19 October, 1788, nearly 28,000 miles and ten months into the journey, John Mills and the assistant gardener, William Brown, refused to participate in the evening's mandatory dancing. Bligh's inhumane response was to cut off their grog.
The Bounty arrived in Tahiti on 24 October. Following Cook's example, Bligh drafted a set of rules to govern contact with the natives. These rules were intended to keep the death of Captain Cook secret (for Tahitians Capt. Cook was a special demigod) and also forbade discussion of the breadfruit mission. Another purpose was to establish an official market for trade with the natives; however, a black market trade for hogs soon was established by members of the crew.
On 5 April, 1789, loaded with more 1,000 breadfruit plants, the Bounty began a 12,000-mile journey westward toward West Indians (Jamaica). But after five months in Tahiti the crew was idle, slack and undisciplined and the heavy duty on a sail ship annoyed many seamen and even few subaltern officers. The more nostalgic officer was the master mate, second in command, Fletcher Christian. Bligh realized that inconvenient situation and decided by zero-tolerance to enforce the discipline. It didn’t work. On 27 April Bligh apparently provoked the mutiny in a dispute over coconuts. He questioned all the ranking men closely, especially Fletcher Christian, accused Christian of stealing from Bligh's coconut stack and threatened to make half the crew jump overboard. Bligh also threatened to cut the grog ration entirely and reduce the daily yam ration from 1 1/2 lb a day to 1/4 lb. Mr. Christian was reduced to tears by this brutal tongue-lashing. But only threatening words, only words! Of course Bligh flogged much more with his acid tongue than with the whip. Another example was the capture of three runagate seamen in the last days in Tahiti. Bligh altered the punishment and changed hanging (Navy Law) by two dozen lashes.
At dawn on 28 April, Christian and three other men entered Bligh's cabin. Bligh was bound and taken on deck. Eventually he was placed in a small 23-feet-long boat, but so many men wanted to accompany him that it was in danger of being capsized. Finally the boat was loaded with only 18 men, a sextant, a pocket-clock, four cutlasses, 150 pounds of bread, 32 lb of pork, six quarts of rum, six bottles of wine and 28 gallons of water. As he pulled away he shouted either:
'You villains, you God-damned villains! I'll be revenged on the whole pack of you. I'll have every man jack swinging at the yardarm before I'm done - God damn me if I don't!
Bligh suffers unfairly from a reputation as a bully and tyrant. He only had ten men flogged on the long journey with a total of 217 lashes. In contrast, many British Officers used to order much more floggings.
The Long Row
Bligh bleakly assessed his situation and decided to head west to a Dutch trading post on Timor, nearly 3,618 miles distant. Bligh and his party landed on Tofoa in the Friendly Islands to seek water. One member of the party was killed by natives and the rest fled to the boat. After 48 days, on 14 June, 1789, helped by favorable winds, Bligh reached his destination in Timor. This was an astounding feat of navigation, through largely uncharted waters. He lost only one of the eighteen aboard, John Norton, at Tofoa.
The Aftermath
It was characteristic of Bligh's good character, generosity and deep concern for his men that he paid for their food and lodging in Timor from his own personal funds for an extended period. After arranging his own passage from Timor to England, Bligh was found not guilty of all charges at the Bounty inquiry and court martial.
The great botanist and gardener, Sir Joseph Banks, was always in the background guiding Bligh's career. He arranged both trips to Tahiti as well as Bligh's later Governorship of New South Wales. Eventually Banks arranged for Bligh to become a Fellow in the Royal Society, accounting for the FRS letters on his tombstone.
Banks made a spirited defense of Bligh in court martial:
- Gentlemen, of what use is “the truth” to the journals and broadsheets? Their readers don't want the truth. They never do, and they never did. They want heroes and villains. He thumped the table. They want men of wonder, handsome, tall, men of honor — like your supposed image of Fletcher Christian, and men of evil, cunning, unstoppable, who would spit roast their own relatives for the joy of hearing their screams. Like the Captain Bligh's of your fantasy world.
Bligh was promoted to Captain and given command of the Providence. He returned to Tahiti, but gave few punishments and held his tongue during the voyage. This voyage was a triumphant success. Bligh delivered a load of breadfruit plants to St Helena and also St Vincent in the West Indies to feed the slave populations. However the slaves hated breadfruit taste. He also delivered nearly 1300 plants to the Royal Gardens at Kew. The 36 species he brought back included apple, orange, mango, pear and yam. Some of these species still grow in the Royal Gardens.
The courtyard of a building on the banks of the Thames is a splendid example of an English garden. There is a tombstone in the centre of the garden. The inscription on the stone reads:
SACRED
TO THE MEMORY OF
WILLIAM BLIGH ESQUIRE FRS
VICE ADMIRAL OF THE BLUE
THE CELEBRATED NAVIGATOR
WHO FIRST TRANSPLANTED THE BREADFRUIT TREE
FROM OTAHETTE TO THE WEST INDIES
BRAVELY FOUGHT THE BATTLES OF HIS COUNTRY
AND DIED BELOVED RESPECTED AND LAMENTED
ON THE 7th DAY OF DECEMBER 1817
AGED 64
FRS = Fellow of Royal Society
Before the Bounty
William Bligh was born in Plymouth, England in 1754. Bligh sailed with Captain Cook on Cook's final voyage in 1776 - 1779 and was present at Cook's death after Cook unwisely provoked an armed conflict with natives in Hawaii. Bligh was only 23 at the time but he was a highly skilled chart maker and navigator. Bligh developed many charts during this voyage which were unfairly attributed to Cook's Lieutenants.
Bligh observed Cook's methods for preserving the lives of his crew. Cook's innovations included daily enforced dancing, regular baths, clean clothing, eating sauerkraut and drinking lime juice to prevent scurvy. British sailors are sometimes called 'limeys' as the result of the practices that Captain Cook developed.
in 1781 Bligh was promoted to Lieutenant after the naval action at Dogger Bank. He took part in the relief of Gibraltar in 1782. During a period of peace from 1773 - 1787 he joined the Merchant Service.
Mutiny on the Bounty
At the age of 33 Bligh was selected to command the HMS Bounty on an expedition to take breadfruit from Tahiti and deliver it to the West Indies (Jamaica). Bligh was not promoted to Captain before the journey. As a result, the ship had no high officers, other than Bligh, and no marines to enforce discipline, but only a few subaltern officers. These handicaps, combined with Bligh's unfortunate temperament (acid tongue to insult) and lack of physical stature are factors which eventually allowed the mutiny to develop.
The voyage of the Bounty began at Spithead (near Portsmouth) on the south-east coast of England on 23 December, 1787. More than 10,000 miles were added to the planned voyage when Bligh failed to navigate the Bounty around Cape Horn because of unfavorable winds and huge seas. Bligh then turned east and arrived at Cape Town on 24 May where he spent several weeks refitting and provisioning the Bounty before entering the Indian Ocean.
On 19 October, 1788, nearly 28,000 miles and ten months into the journey, John Mills and the assistant gardener, William Brown, refused to participate in the evening's mandatory dancing. Bligh's inhumane response was to cut off their grog.
The Bounty arrived in Tahiti on 24 October. Following Cook's example, Bligh drafted a set of rules to govern contact with the natives. These rules were intended to keep the death of Captain Cook secret (for Tahitians Capt. Cook was a special demigod) and also forbade discussion of the breadfruit mission. Another purpose was to establish an official market for trade with the natives; however, a black market trade for hogs soon was established by members of the crew.
On 5 April, 1789, loaded with more 1,000 breadfruit plants, the Bounty began a 12,000-mile journey westward toward West Indians (Jamaica). But after five months in Tahiti the crew was idle, slack and undisciplined and the heavy duty on a sail ship annoyed many seamen and even few subaltern officers. The more nostalgic officer was the master mate, second in command, Fletcher Christian. Bligh realized that inconvenient situation and decided by zero-tolerance to enforce the discipline. It didn’t work. On 27 April Bligh apparently provoked the mutiny in a dispute over coconuts. He questioned all the ranking men closely, especially Fletcher Christian, accused Christian of stealing from Bligh's coconut stack and threatened to make half the crew jump overboard. Bligh also threatened to cut the grog ration entirely and reduce the daily yam ration from 1 1/2 lb a day to 1/4 lb. Mr. Christian was reduced to tears by this brutal tongue-lashing. But only threatening words, only words! Of course Bligh flogged much more with his acid tongue than with the whip. Another example was the capture of three runagate seamen in the last days in Tahiti. Bligh altered the punishment and changed hanging (Navy Law) by two dozen lashes.
At dawn on 28 April, Christian and three other men entered Bligh's cabin. Bligh was bound and taken on deck. Eventually he was placed in a small 23-feet-long boat, but so many men wanted to accompany him that it was in danger of being capsized. Finally the boat was loaded with only 18 men, a sextant, a pocket-clock, four cutlasses, 150 pounds of bread, 32 lb of pork, six quarts of rum, six bottles of wine and 28 gallons of water. As he pulled away he shouted either:
'You villains, you God-damned villains! I'll be revenged on the whole pack of you. I'll have every man jack swinging at the yardarm before I'm done - God damn me if I don't!
Bligh suffers unfairly from a reputation as a bully and tyrant. He only had ten men flogged on the long journey with a total of 217 lashes. In contrast, many British Officers used to order much more floggings.
The Long Row
Bligh bleakly assessed his situation and decided to head west to a Dutch trading post on Timor, nearly 3,618 miles distant. Bligh and his party landed on Tofoa in the Friendly Islands to seek water. One member of the party was killed by natives and the rest fled to the boat. After 48 days, on 14 June, 1789, helped by favorable winds, Bligh reached his destination in Timor. This was an astounding feat of navigation, through largely uncharted waters. He lost only one of the eighteen aboard, John Norton, at Tofoa.
The Aftermath
It was characteristic of Bligh's good character, generosity and deep concern for his men that he paid for their food and lodging in Timor from his own personal funds for an extended period. After arranging his own passage from Timor to England, Bligh was found not guilty of all charges at the Bounty inquiry and court martial.
The great botanist and gardener, Sir Joseph Banks, was always in the background guiding Bligh's career. He arranged both trips to Tahiti as well as Bligh's later Governorship of New South Wales. Eventually Banks arranged for Bligh to become a Fellow in the Royal Society, accounting for the FRS letters on his tombstone.
Banks made a spirited defense of Bligh in court martial:
- Gentlemen, of what use is “the truth” to the journals and broadsheets? Their readers don't want the truth. They never do, and they never did. They want heroes and villains. He thumped the table. They want men of wonder, handsome, tall, men of honor — like your supposed image of Fletcher Christian, and men of evil, cunning, unstoppable, who would spit roast their own relatives for the joy of hearing their screams. Like the Captain Bligh's of your fantasy world.
Bligh was promoted to Captain and given command of the Providence. He returned to Tahiti, but gave few punishments and held his tongue during the voyage. This voyage was a triumphant success. Bligh delivered a load of breadfruit plants to St Helena and also St Vincent in the West Indies to feed the slave populations. However the slaves hated breadfruit taste. He also delivered nearly 1300 plants to the Royal Gardens at Kew. The 36 species he brought back included apple, orange, mango, pear and yam. Some of these species still grow in the Royal Gardens.
